On the content of the concept of “criminological situation”

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Abstract

The article considers the content of the concept of “criminological situation” in the criminological aspect, determines its structure. The differentiation of the concept of “criminological situation” with related concepts used in the special literature is given. The concept of criminological situation is proposed, taking into account its division into the main constituent elements, the mechanism of interaction between phenomena and the result of this interaction is shown. The main features of a criminological situation are determined, these features are defined by common regular connections and dependencies between the phenomena of social development and crime at the levels of the development of the social environment, the formation of the system of social relations, the state and development of social processes management. Considering a criminological situation as a dynamic category, the authors determined the affecting criminogenic, anti-criminogenic or functional factors. It is concluded that their in-depth study and analysis create favorable conditions for generating organizational-tactical decisions, taking into account the real possibilities of society and the state in combating crime, determining the main directions, strategies. Innovative methods for studying, analyzing and assessing a criminological situation, as well as the ways, forms of combating crime are considered. A critical judgment is made about why some developments and recommendations proposed by specialists, despite the high scientific-technical level, do not bring the desired effect in practice. It is concluded that a criminological situation acts as a social reality, an objectively given phenomenon, and therefore its assessment should be the same for all institutions of the state and society.